What does a sphygmomanometer measure?

A sphygmomanometer is specifically designed to measure blood pressure, providing readings in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). It typically consists of an inflatable cuff that is wrapped around the upper arm and a manometer that displays the pressure readings. When the cuff is inflated, it cuts off blood flow in the artery. As the cuff is slowly deflated, the healthcare provider monitors the manometer for two key sounds: the first sound (systolic pressure) indicates the pressure in the arteries when the heart beats, and the second sound (diastolic pressure) indicates the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats.

This measurement is crucial for assessing cardiovascular health and diagnosing conditions like hypertension. Other options, such as measuring heart rate, body temperature, or blood oxygen levels, are achieved through different devices and methods, emphasizing the unique role of the sphygmomanometer in medical practice.